Active and Passive
1. Active
voice
·
Active voice describes a sentence where the
subject performs the action stated by the verb.
Example:
Ali ate five fried chicken at home (active)
Ali ate five fried chicken at home (active)
Mother read the magazine in one day
(active)
(In this example, Ali and mother is the
subject of the sentence. Ali and mother is the subject of the verb. Ali and mother is performing the action of the verb)
2. Passive
Form
·
In passive voice sentences, the subject is acted upon by the verb.
Example:
At home, five humberger were eaten
by ali (passive)
The magazine was read by mother in
one day (passive)
(In
this example, the magazinel and home did not perform the action of the
verb. In fact, it was done to them. Therefore, this is a passive sentence.)
Example
of active voice :
·
The king is signing the treaty.
( the king is doing the action (signing)
( the king is doing the action (signing)
·
Yuna posted the video on youtube
(
Yuna is doing the action (posted)
Example of passive voice :
·
The house will be cleaned by me
every Suday
(
the action is being done (me) )
·
The entire house was painted by
father
( the action is being done (father) )
Active / passive overview
Tense
|
Active
|
Passive
|
Simple Present
|
Once a week, Tom cleans the
house.
|
Once a week, the house is
cleaned by Tom.
|
Present Continuous
|
Right now, Sarah is writing
the letter.
|
Right now, the letter is being
written by Sarah.
|
Simple Past
|
Sam repaired the car.
|
The car was repaired by
Sam.
|
Past Continuous
|
The salesman was helping
the customer when the thief came into the store.
|
The customer was being helped
by the salesman when the thief came into the store.
|
Present Perfect
|
Many tourists have visited
that castle.
|
That castle has been visited
by many tourists.
|
Present Perfect Continuous
|
Recently, John has been doing
the work.
|
Recently, the work has been being
done by John.
|
Past Perfect
|
George had repaired many
cars before he received his mechanic's license.
|
Many cars had been repaired
by George before he received his mechanic's license.
|
Past Perfect Continuous
|
Chef Jones had been preparing
the restaurant's fantastic dinners for two years before he moved to Paris.
|
The restaurant's fantastic dinners
had been being prepared by Chef Jones for two years before he moved to
Paris.
|
Simple Future
will |
Someone will finish the
work by 5:00 PM.
|
The work will be finished
by 5:00 PM.
|
Simple Future
be going to |
Sally is going to make a
beautiful dinner tonight.
|
A beautiful dinner is going to
be made by Sally tonight.
|
Future Continuous
will |
At 8:00 PM tonight, John will
be washing the dishes.
|
At 8:00 PM tonight, the dishes will
be being washed by John.
|
Future Continuous
be going to |
At 8:00 PM tonight, John is
going to be washing the dishes.
|
At 8:00 PM tonight, the dishes are
going to be being washed by John.
|
Future Perfect
will |
They will have completed
the project before the deadline.
|
The project will have been
completed before the deadline.
|
Future Perfect
be going to |
They are going to have
completed the project before the deadline.
|
The project is going to have
been completed before the deadline.
|
Future Perfect Continuous
will |
The famous artist will have
been painting the mural for over six months by the time it is finished.
|
The mural will have been being
painted by the famous artist for over six months by the time it is finished.
|
Future Perfect Continuous
be going to |
The famous artist is going to
have been painting the mural for over six months by the time it is
finished.
|
The mural is going to have been
being painted by the famous artist for over six months by the time it is
finished.
|
Used to
|
Jerry used to pay the
bills.
|
The bills used to be paid
by Jerry.
|
Would Always
|
My mother would always make the
pies.
|
The pies would always be made by
my mother.
|
Future in the Past
Would |
I knew John would finish
the work by 5:00 PM.
|
I knew the work would be
finished by 5:00 PM.
|
Future in the Past
Was Going to |
I thought Sally was going to
make a beautiful dinner tonight.
|
I thought a beautiful dinner was
going to be made by Sally tonight.
|
ACTIVE/PASSIVE WITH MODAL AUXULIARIES
Affirmative Form
|
Object + may, must, can, could,
ought to, should + be + verb3
|
Question Form
|
Must, may, can, should, might +
object + be + verb3 (past participle)
|
Something must / can / should... be done by someone at sometime.
Active : Our English teacher may give an exam today.
Passive: An exam may be given by our English teacher today.
Active : Thomas has written many books.
Passive: Many books have been written by Thomas.
Active : Do you have to pay the bill before leaving the restaurant?
Passive: the bill have to be paid before leaving the restaurant?
Active : Juan can give them some information about the job.
Passive: Some information can be given about the job by Juan.
Active : You must obey the traffic rules.
Passive: The traffic rules must be obeyed.
TRANSITIVE/INTRANSITIVE
VERBS
Transitive verbs are action verbs that have an object to receive that
action. In the first sentence above, the direct
object ball received the action of the verb hit.Here are some more examples of transitive verbs:
I baked some cookies.
I rode the bicycle.
I moved the chair.
I stitched a quilt.
But what about the sentence “The bird sang.” Is the verb in that sentence a transitive verb? No, in this case the verb sang is an intransitive verb.
What are intransitive verbs?
Intransitive verbs are action
verbs but unlike transitive verbs, they do not have an object
receiving the action. Notice there are no words after the verb sang.More examples of intransitive verbs:
I
laughed.
I cried.
The book
fell.
The
horse galloped.
The sun
set.
What about this sentence?
I walked
to the park today.
To recap, a transitive verb must be an action verb plus there must be an object to receive that action.
PASSIVE
AND ACTIVE EXERCISES\
1. Yesterday Grandma was hit by a
car.
2. My former classmates were seen
at the reunion.
3. The lamp for the study was
broken on the way home.
4. At camp taps had been blown
every night.
5. The dirty clothes will be sent
to be cleaned.
Answers:
1. was hit - transitive passive
2. were seen - transitive passive
3. was broken - transitive passive
4. had been blown - transitive
passive
5. will be sent - transitive
passive
http://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-active-and-passive-voice.html
http://www.towson.edu/ows/activepass.htm
http://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-active-and-passive-voice.html
http://www.grammarbank.com/passives-with-modals.html
http://www.k12reader.com/term/transitive-and-intransitive-verbs/
http://www.dailygrammar.com/Lesson-118-Transitive-and-Intransitive-Verbs.htm
